① 求一篇5000字左右的有关印染废水的英文论文，最好要有中文翻译
英文文献可以帮你，翻译请让金山词霸等帮忙吧。
我这里有一些英文文献数据专库的入属口，你可以试试。每天更新。
http://hi..com/pxpsd/blog
② 关于废水处理的外文文献以及翻译！！！！
是我，惊云飞雪。呵呵
Pretreatment of coking wastewater using anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR)*
③ 跪求一篇关于重金属废水处理的英文文献及翻译
到学校图书馆找找 尤其去别的图书馆
④ 制革废水专业论文英文翻译（1）连接（2），高分送上
AN INVESTIGATION ON THE TREATMENT OF TANNERY WASTEWATER BY ELECTROCOAGULATION
摘要对电凝聚法处理废水
ABSTRACT
文摘
Treatability by the electro-coagulation (EC) and electro-Fenton (EF) methods have been applied to the tannery wastewater from an organized instrial region consisting mostly of tannery plants and compared with each other in this study.
由electro-coagulation Treatability(EC)和electro-Fenton(EF)的方法已经被应用于跳一场有组织的工业地区污水组成了大部分跳植物和彼此比较在本研究中。
Iron plates were used as the anode and cathode.
铁盘子被用作阳极和阴极。
Electrical current was applied at a value of 33.3 mA m-2 for all processes
电流的应用价值是为所有的马m-2 33.3过程
in order to determine the electricity consumptions for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and sulfide removal.
为了确定电力消耗量对污水化学需氧量(COD)及硫化物去除。
The optimal contact ration for each process was discovered at the end of the first five minutes.
最优接触时间为每个进程被发现在去年底的头五分钟。
During the EC process, the removal efficiencies of COD and sulfide were 46% and 90%, respectively.
在欧共体的过程中,对COD去除效率及硫化物是46%,90%,分别。
Electricity consumptions were also obtained as 1.8 kWh kg-
电力消耗量也取得了与1.8千瓦时公斤-
1 COD removed and 27.7 kWh kg-1 sulfide removed.
1 kg-1 COD去除硫化物,27.7度移除。
During the EF process, on the other hand, the removal efficiencies of COD and sulfide parameters were 54% and 85%, respectively, and electricity consumptions were also obtained as 1.5 kWh kg-1 COD removed and 8.3 kWh kg-1 sulfide removed.
在英孚的过程,另一方面,COD去除效率及硫化物参数分别为54%和85%,和电力消耗量也取得了与COD去除1.5千瓦小时kg-1及8.3%千瓦时kg-1硫化物移除。
Furthermore, the removal efficiencies of total Chrome and
此外,去除效率和总铬
suspended solids were determined to be 97% and 70%, respectively.
悬浮固体物决意要97%,70%,分别。
KEYWORDS: Electrocoagulation, Electrofenton, Chrome, Electricity consumption, Iron electrode, Tannery wastewater treatment.
关键词:电凝聚法,Electrofenton、铬、电力消耗、铁电极、跳废水处理方法。
1.
1。
INTRODUCTION
介绍
The characteristics of tannery wastewater vary widely depending on the nature of the adopted tanning process, the amount of water used, the process of hide preservation, the hide processing capacity, and the in-plant measures followed to rece pollution.
跳汰废水的特点,根据工作性质差别很大,被领养的鞣制过程水的用量,过程中皮保存、隐蔽工程,加工能力,并跟踪新厂区措施减少污染。
Treatment of this wastewater by conventional biological methods is often inadequate to remove pollutants completely, especially ammonia and tannins, the latter being characterized by low biodegradability, which is common in poly-phenolic compounds.
这种情况的处理废水的处理方法是传统的生物去除污染物常常不够完全,尤其是氨和鞣质,其中后者表现为低的生物降解性是很常见的,这在poly-phenolic化合物。
Meanwhile, the biological treatment of wastewaters containing resistant and toxic compounds requires a long ration of time (Szpy
与此同时,污水生物处理中含有的抗性,并需要进行长期毒性复合物(Szpy持续时间
⑤ 求废水处理英文文献一篇
Raw Influent (Sewage) is the liquid waste from toilets, baths, showers, kitchens, sinks etc. Household waste that is disposed of via sewers. In many areas sewage also includes some liquid waste from instry and commerce. In the UK, the waste from toilets is termed foul waste, the waste from items such as basins, baths, kitchens is termed sullage water, and the instrial and commercial waste is termed trade waste.
The division of household water drains into greywater and blackwater is becoming more common in the developed world, with greywater being permitted to be used for watering plants or recycled for flushing toilets. A lot of sewage also includes some surface water from roofs or hard-standing areas. Municipal wastewater therefore includes residential, commercial, and instrial liquid waste discharges, and may include stormwater runoff. Sewage systems capable of handling stormwater are known as combined systems. Such systems are usually avoided since they complicate and thereby rece the efficiency of sewage treatment plants owing to their seasonality. In addition, heavy storms may overwhelm the sewage treatment system, causing a spill or overflow. It is preferable to have a separate storm drain system for stormwater.
The construction of combined sewers is a less common practice in the United States and Canada than in the past and is no longer accepted within building regulations in the UK and other European countries. Instead, liquid waste and stormwater are collected and conveyed in separate sewer systems, referred to as sanitary sewers and storm sewers in the U.S. and as foul sewers and surface water sewers in the UK. Overflows from foul sewers designed to relieve pressure from heavy rainfall are termed storm sewers or combined sewer overflows.
As rainfall runs over the surface of roofs and the ground, it may pick up various contaminants including soil particles, (sediment), heavy metals, organic compounds, animal waste, and oil and grease. Some jurisdictions require stormwater to receive some level of treatment before being discharged directly into waterways. Examples of treatment processes used for stormwater include sedimentation basins, wetlands, and vortex separators (to remove coarse solids).
The site where the process is concted is called a sewage treatment plant. The flow scheme of a sewage treatment plant is generally the same for all countries:
Mechanical treatment;
Influx (Influent)
Removal of large objects
Removal of sand and grit
Pre-precipitation
Biological treatment;
Oxidation bed (oxidizing bed) or aeration system
Post precipitation
Effluent
Chemical treatment (this step is usually combined with settling and other processes to remove solids, such as filtration. The combination is referred to in the US as physical-chemical treatment.).
⑥ 高分求城市污水处理的相关英文文献，带中文翻译
推荐给你一个网址，查找一下，或许专会有属http://www.geabc.com/bz.htm
⑦ 谁有环境相关的论文啊（大气污染、环境影响评价、噪声、固废、水污染等等） 中英文对照的
中英文的没有，只有英文，自己翻译去吧
⑧ 求水处理中英文对照外文论文翻译
Introction to Civil Engineering Papers
Civil Engineering for the development of a key role, first as a material foundation for the civil engineering construction materials, followed by the subsequent development of the design theory and construction technology. Every time a new quality of building materials, civil engineering will be a leap-style development.
People can only rely on the early earth, wood and other natural materials in the construction activities, and later appeared in brick and tile that artificial materials, so that the first human to break the shackles of natural building materials. China in the eleventh century BC in the early Western Zhou Dynasty created the tile. The first brick in the fifth century BC to the third century BC, when the tomb of the Warring States Period. Brick and tile better than the mechanical properties of soil, materials, and easy to manufacture.
The brick and tile so that people began to appear widely, to a large number of housing construction and urban flood control project, and so on. This civil engineering technology has been rapid development. Up to 18 to the 19th century, as long as two thousand years, brick and tile has been a major civil engineering construction materials, human civilization has made a great contribution to the even was also widely used in the present.
The application of a large number of steel procts is the second leap in civil engineering. Seventeen 1970s the use of pig iron, the early nineteenth century, the use of wrought iron bridges and the construction of housing, which is a prelude to the emergence of steel.
From the beginning of the mid-nineteenth century, metallurgical instry, smelting and rolling out high tensile and compressive strength, ctility, uniformity of the quality of construction steel and then proce high-strength steel wire, steel cables. As a result of the need to adapt to the development of the steel structure have been flourishing. In addition to the application of the original beam, arch structure, the new truss, a framework, the structure of network, cable structures to promote the graal emergence of the structure of Yan in the form of flowers.
From the brick building long-span structures, stone structures, a few meters of wood, steel structure to the development of tens of meters, a few hundred meters, until modern km above. So in the river, cross the bridge from shelves, on the ground since the construction of skyscrapers and high-rise tower, even in the laying of underground railway, to create an unprecedented miracle.
In order to meet the needs of the development of steel works, on the basis of Newton's mechanics, material mechanics, structural mechanics, structural engineering design theory came into being, and so on. Construction machinery, construction technology and construction organization design theory also development, civil engineering from the experience of rising to become science, engineering practice and theoretical basis for both is a different place, which led to more rapid development of civil engineering.
During the nineteenth century, 20, made of Portland cement, concrete has come out. Concrete can aggregate materials, easy-to-concrete structures forming, but the tensile strength of concrete is very small, limited use. By the middle of the nineteenth century, the surge in steel proction, with the emergence of this new type of reinforced concrete composite construction materials, which bear the tension steel, concrete bear the pressure and play their own advantages. Since the beginning of the 20th century, reinforced concrete is widely used in various fields of civil engineering.
From the beginning of the 1930s, there have been pre-stressed concrete. Pre-stressed concrete structure of the crack resistance, rigidity and carrying capacity, much higher than the reinforced concrete structure, which uses an even wider area. Civil Engineering into the reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete dominant historical period. Concrete buildings to bring about the emergence of new economic, aesthetic structure in the form of engineering, civil engineering so that a new construction technology and engineering design of the structure of the theory. This is another leap in the development of civil engineering.
A project to build the facilities in general to go through the investigation, design and construction in three stages, require the use of geological prospecting projects, hydro-geological survey, engineering survey, soil mechanics, mechanical engineering, engineering design, building materials, construction equipment, engineering machinery, building the economy , And other disciplines and construction technology, construction and other fields of knowledge, as well as computer and mechanical testing techniques. Civil engineering is therefore a broad range of integrated disciplines. With the progress in science and technology development and engineering practice, the civil engineering disciplines have also been developed into a broad connotation, the number of categories, the structure of complex integrated system.
Civil Engineering is accompanied by the development of human society developed. It works in the construction of facilities reflect the various historical periods of socio-economic, cultural, scientific, technological development outlook, which civil society has become one of the historical development of the witness.
In ancient times, people began to build simple houses, roads, bridges and still water channel to meet the simple life and proction. Later, in order to adapt to the war, proction and dissemination of religious life, as well as the needs of the construction of the city, canals, palaces, temples and other buildings.
Many well-known works shown in this historical period of human creativity. For example, the Great Wall of China, Dujiangyan, the Grand Canal, Zhaozhou Bridge, Yingxian Wooden Tower, the pyramids of Egypt, Greece's Parthenon, Rome's water supply project, colosseum amphitheater (Rome large animal fighting Field), as well as many other well-known churches, palaces and so on.
After the instrial revolution, especially in the 20th century, on the one hand, civil society to put forward a new demand; On the other hand, all areas of society for the advancement of civil engineering to create good conditions. Thus this period of civil engineering has been advanced by leaps and bounds. All over the world there have been large-scale modernization of instrial plants, skyscrapers, nuclear power plants, highways and railways, long-span bridges, and large-diameter pipelines long tunnel, the Grand Canal, the big dams, airports, port and marine engineering, etc. . For civil engineering continually modern human society to create a new physical environment, human society, modern civilization has become an important part.
Civil Engineering is a very practical subjects. In the early days, through the civil engineering practice, summing up successful experience, in particular, to draw lessons from the failure of developed. From the beginning of the 17th century, with Galileo and Newton as a pilot with the mechanics of the modern civil engineering practice, graally formed the mechanical, structural mechanics, fluid mechanics, rock mechanics, civil engineering as the basis of theoretical subjects. This experience in civil engineering from the graally developed into a science.
In the course of the development of civil engineering, engineering practice often first experience in theory, engineering accidents often show a new unforeseen factors, triggering a new theory of the research and development. So far a number of projects dealing with the problem, is still very much rely on practical experience.
Civil Engineering Technology with the main reason for the development of engineering practice and not by virtue of scientific experiments and theoretical studies, for two reasons: First, some of the objective situation is too complicated and difficult to faithfully carry out laboratory or field testing and analysis. For example, the foundation, tunnel and underground engineering and deformation of the state and its changes over time, still need to refer to an analysis of engineering experience to judge. Second, only a new engineering practice in order to reveal new problems. For example, the construction of a high-rise buildings, high-rise tower and mast-span bridges, wind and earthquake engineering problems highlighted in order to develop this new theory and technology.
In the long-term civil engineering practice, it is not only building great attention to the arts, has made outstanding achievements; and other works, but also through the choice of different materials, such as the use of stone, steel and reinforced concrete, with natural Environmental art in the construction of a number of very beautiful, very functional and good works. Ancient Great Wall of China, the modern world, many of the television tower and the bridge ramp Zhang, are cases in point.
⑨ 关于污水的论文范文！！快相当急
污水再生利用有关问题的探讨[论文关键词]污水 回用问题 分析
[论文摘要]用水量的增加对现有水资源的压力越来越大，人们开始意识到污水回用是一种非常可靠的供水水源，成功的污水回用工程越来越多，供水和污水处理行业越来越意识到污水再生利用的经济和环境效益。为满足高水质标准而进行污水处理厂更新改造的成本不断增加，污水回用越来越受到人们的重视。
一、污水回用的意义
污水回用在发达国家已得到广泛应用，而且越来越多的行业已经开始利用处理后的污水。美国加利福尼亚洲有200多个污水回用厂，每年为850多个用户提供回用水（非饮用水）约4.96亿m3。污水回用受到越来越重视的原因主要包括：人口增加和用水量的增加对现有水资源的压力越来越大；人们开始意识到污水回用是一种非常可靠的供水源；成功的污水回用工程越来越多；供水和污水处理行业越来越意识到污水回用的经济和环境效益；蓄水工程（如水坝）的环境和经济成本越来越高；人们逐渐意识到与过度用水有关的环境影响；趋向于回收成本水价制度的引入促进了污水的回用；为满足高水质标准而进行污水处理厂更新改造的成本不断增加。
二、污水可持续利用的领域
（一）工业用水的回用
从理论上说，经处理的污水可以回用于各种不需要符合饮用水水质要求的工业企业。各种工业生产过程中的冷却水、锅炉用水、生产和加工用水、清洗和辅助用水（如除尘和浇地）等，都可以利用经处理的污水。可以使用经过处理的污水的行业包括商业洗车、造纸厂、矿山、石油精炼厂、电站、商业洗衣、道路建设企业、旅游点、酿酒厂，以及混凝土、砖、纺织品、金属及涂料的生产厂。日本近40％经处理的市政污水被用于工业用途，而美国的佛罗里达州和加利福尼亚洲分别为2％和5％。
在增加工业的污水回用量方面也有一些障碍，主要原因包括：污水水源的距离；水质及潜在的健康影响，特别是对食品生产行业；可获得的水量及供水的持续性；潜在的供水可靠性；需要改变工业生产程序和水处理方式；与其他可替代水源成本的比较；对水质的具体要求（例如，为避免冷却水水垢、腐蚀、生物的生长及污染），等等。
（二）居民及社区的非饮用水回用
对居民来说，污水回用可以用于冲洗马桶、洗车、清洗和浇灌花园.从社区的角度来看，污水回用的非饮用水用途还包括室外的灌溉及各种娱乐场所用水。美国加利福尼亚洲早在1961年就将经处理的污水用于有游船及可垂钓的湖泊。提供非饮用水的一种有效办法是建立分质供水系统。美国佛罗里达州阿尔塔蒙特城的一项分质供水工程，解决了4.5万人的非饮用水使用问题，其供水量占全城总供水量的30％。
限制污水回用于居民和社区非饮用水的因素包括：健康因素；缺乏相关的指导；更新和建设水处理和供水设施的成本；处理过的污水水源的距离；灌溉需水的季节性变化；灌溉方面的技术性问题和环境的可持续性。
（三）间接的饮用水循环
间接的饮用水循环是将一部分经过处理的污水注入已有的供水水源中，通过水体的稀释作用，以及长时间的存放和取水后的处理，确保它满足可饮用水的水质标准。缺乏对水质和水处理知识的了解、社会的理解和对健康的关注，可能是间接饮用水循环的最大障碍。
（四）直接的饮用水循环
直接的饮用水循环是对污水经过全面处理，达到饮用水水质标准后注入饮用水供水系统中直接循环使用的过程，中间不经过储存或不混有地表水或地下水。目前，这种利用方式还较少见。
实施直接饮用水循环的限制因素主要包括：研究不够；对健康的关注；处理水达到可靠的高水质的成本较高；缺乏对水质及处理方法的了解。
三、污水的可持续回用分析
制定可持续污水回用战略必须坚持以下基本原则：一是回用水的水质必须满足不同用水要求的原则；二是污水回用必须符合生态可持续发展要求的原则；三是在污水回用决策方面必须强调适当的健康、环境和经济因素的原则；四是污水回用项目必须是社会所需要的原则；五是污水回用必须作为总的水管理一部分的原则；六是污水回用的决策程序必须透明的原则；七是鼓励社会参与污水回用规划、开发和实施的原则；八是社会应可以得到有关污水回用可靠信息的原则。
依据上述原则，应为实施可持续污水回用战略制定相应的行动计划，包括：修订或颁布法律；制定回用指南和标准；提供技术支持与培训；加强宣传，提高对污水回用的了解；对关键领域与技术的研究提供支持；建设污水回用示范项目；积极支持污水回用项目；广泛合作，实施污水回用战略。
（一）从立法上支持污水回用
应该从立法上建立鼓励和支持污水回用的制度。首先应对国家现有相关立法的适用性进行评价，确定哪些方面不利于污水的回用，并对这些方面进行修订；没有涉及到的，应通过颁布新的法律法规来完善。美国加利福尼亚洲在《安全饮用水法》、《水回用法》和《加利福尼亚洲管理法》中，对污水回用的准则、领域、水处理、水质要求等方面都作了详细的规定。
（二）制定污水回用的科学标准
应在进行详细的咨询和研究后，制定污水回用指南。这些指南应能够为污水用水户提供有关回用项目规划、设计和运行方面的指导.指南应涉及污水回用的各个领域，如利用污水灌溉牧场和作物，灌溉城市公园、花园、运动场和休息场所等，浇灌高尔夫球场，将污水回用于工业目的，分质供水，用于娱乐目的和间接饮用水循环，等等。对有关的标准要进行评价，特别是水质标准，并根据评价的结果修改现有的标准或制定新的标准。美国加利福尼亚洲污水回用准则就详细地规定了经不同处理的污水在灌溉、蓄水、冷却用水及其他用水方面的适用范围。
（三）在技术上对污水回用提供支持
政府部门应鼓励和促进教育机构、行业和其他培训组织进行有关污水回用工程设计、运行、维护、管理、技术及污水利用方面的培训，而且应为这样的培训提供支持，使服务商和用水户掌握必要的知识和技能.通过有关污水回用的宣传材料和因特网等手段向用水户提供有关安全用水的信息，包括立法、指南与标准、培训课程、研讨会及研究成果方面的信息。
（四）加强对污水回用意义的宣传
政府应制定宣传计划，加强社会对污水回用、效益及其在水资源管理中作用的了解.应在进行其他水管理教育计划（如节水宣传）的同时，增加污水回用方面的内容.鼓励社会介入污水利用活动，并且政府应对从事社区教育的人员和针对水管理教育者的培训提供援助。
（五）注重对污水回用关键领域的研究
通过建立专门的研究和开发机构，对污水回用进行持续的研究，以保证关键问题如健康、环境、经济和技术得到明确和解决。必须对以下几方面进行优先研究：（1）健康，必须对污水回用和蓄水设施中生物和化学污染物的风险进行评估，研究减少风险的技术；（2）环境，污水回用的环境费用和效益；（3）经济，污水回用和相关活动的经济成本和效益；（4）技术，先进的水处理技术和处理厂运行技术。
⑩ 求一篇关于废水处理的英文文章
Raw Influent (Sewage) is the liquid waste from toilets, baths, showers, kitchens, sinks etc. Household waste that is disposed of via sewers. In many areas sewage also includes some liquid waste from instry and commerce. In the UK, the waste from toilets is termed foul waste, the waste from items such as basins, baths, kitchens is termed sullage water, and the instrial and commercial waste is termed trade waste.
The division of household water drains into greywater and blackwater is becoming more common in the developed world, with greywater being permitted to be used for watering plants or recycled for flushing toilets. A lot of sewage also includes some surface water from roofs or hard-standing areas. Municipal wastewater therefore includes residential, commercial, and instrial liquid waste discharges, and may include stormwater runoff. Sewage systems capable of handling stormwater are known as combined systems. Such systems are usually avoided since they complicate and thereby rece the efficiency of sewage treatment plants owing to their seasonality. In addition, heavy storms may overwhelm the sewage treatment system, causing a spill or overflow. It is preferable to have a separate storm drain system for stormwater.
The construction of combined sewers is a less common practice in the United States and Canada than in the past and is no longer accepted within building regulations in the UK and other European countries. Instead, liquid waste and stormwater are collected and conveyed in separate sewer systems, referred to as sanitary sewers and storm sewers in the U.S. and as foul sewers and surface water sewers in the UK. Overflows from foul sewers designed to relieve pressure from heavy rainfall are termed storm sewers or combined sewer overflows.
As rainfall runs over the surface of roofs and the ground, it may pick up various contaminants including soil particles, (sediment), heavy metals, organic compounds, animal waste, and oil and grease. Some jurisdictions require stormwater to receive some level of treatment before being discharged directly into waterways. Examples of treatment processes used for stormwater include sedimentation basins, wetlands, and vortex separators (to remove coarse solids).
The site where the process is concted is called a sewage treatment plant. The flow scheme of a sewage treatment plant is generally the same for all countries:
Mechanical treatment;
Influx (Influent)
Removal of large objects
Removal of sand and grit
Pre-precipitation
Biological treatment;
Oxidation bed (oxidizing bed) or aeration system
Post precipitation
Effluent
Chemical treatment (this step is usually combined with settling and other processes to remove solids, such as filtration. The combination is referred to in the US as physical-chemical treatment.).