① 求一篇5000字左右的有關印染廢水的英文論文，最好要有中文翻譯
英文文獻可以幫你，翻譯請讓金山詞霸等幫忙吧。
我這里有一些英文文獻數據專庫的入屬口，你可以試試。每天更新。
http://hi..com/pxpsd/blog
② 關於廢水處理的外文文獻以及翻譯！！！！
是我，驚雲飛雪。呵呵
Pretreatment of coking wastewater using anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR)*
③ 跪求一篇關於重金屬廢水處理的英文文獻及翻譯
到學校圖書館找找 尤其去別的圖書館
④ 製革廢水專業論文英文翻譯（1）連接（2），高分送上
AN INVESTIGATION ON THE TREATMENT OF TANNERY WASTEWATER BY ELECTROCOAGULATION
摘要對電凝聚法處理廢水
ABSTRACT
文摘
Treatability by the electro-coagulation (EC) and electro-Fenton (EF) methods have been applied to the tannery wastewater from an organized instrial region consisting mostly of tannery plants and compared with each other in this study.
由electro-coagulation Treatability(EC)和electro-Fenton(EF)的方法已經被應用於跳一場有組織的工業地區污水組成了大部分跳植物和彼此比較在本研究中。
Iron plates were used as the anode and cathode.
鐵盤子被用作陽極和陰極。
Electrical current was applied at a value of 33.3 mA m-2 for all processes
電流的應用價值是為所有的馬m-2 33.3過程
in order to determine the electricity consumptions for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and sulfide removal.
為了確定電力消耗量對污水化學需氧量(COD)及硫化物去除。
The optimal contact ration for each process was discovered at the end of the first five minutes.
最優接觸時間為每個進程被發現在去年底的頭五分鍾。
During the EC process, the removal efficiencies of COD and sulfide were 46% and 90%, respectively.
在歐共體的過程中,對COD去除效率及硫化物是46%,90%,分別。
Electricity consumptions were also obtained as 1.8 kWh kg-
電力消耗量也取得了與1.8千瓦時公斤-
1 COD removed and 27.7 kWh kg-1 sulfide removed.
1 kg-1 COD去除硫化物,27.7度移除。
During the EF process, on the other hand, the removal efficiencies of COD and sulfide parameters were 54% and 85%, respectively, and electricity consumptions were also obtained as 1.5 kWh kg-1 COD removed and 8.3 kWh kg-1 sulfide removed.
在英孚的過程,另一方面,COD去除效率及硫化物參數分別為54%和85%,和電力消耗量也取得了與COD去除1.5千瓦小時kg-1及8.3%千瓦時kg-1硫化物移除。
Furthermore, the removal efficiencies of total Chrome and
此外,去除效率和總鉻
suspended solids were determined to be 97% and 70%, respectively.
懸浮固體物決意要97%,70%,分別。
KEYWORDS: Electrocoagulation, Electrofenton, Chrome, Electricity consumption, Iron electrode, Tannery wastewater treatment.
關鍵詞:電凝聚法,Electrofenton、鉻、電力消耗、鐵電極、跳廢水處理方法。
1.
1。
INTRODUCTION
介紹
The characteristics of tannery wastewater vary widely depending on the nature of the adopted tanning process, the amount of water used, the process of hide preservation, the hide processing capacity, and the in-plant measures followed to rece pollution.
跳汰廢水的特點,根據工作性質差別很大,被領養的鞣製過程水的用量,過程中皮保存、隱蔽工程,加工能力,並跟蹤新廠區措施減少污染。
Treatment of this wastewater by conventional biological methods is often inadequate to remove pollutants completely, especially ammonia and tannins, the latter being characterized by low biodegradability, which is common in poly-phenolic compounds.
這種情況的處理廢水的處理方法是傳統的生物去除污染物常常不夠完全,尤其是氨和鞣質,其中後者表現為低的生物降解性是很常見的,這在poly-phenolic化合物。
Meanwhile, the biological treatment of wastewaters containing resistant and toxic compounds requires a long ration of time (Szpy
與此同時,污水生物處理中含有的抗性,並需要進行長期毒性復合物(Szpy持續時間
⑤ 求廢水處理英文文獻一篇
Raw Influent (Sewage) is the liquid waste from toilets, baths, showers, kitchens, sinks etc. Household waste that is disposed of via sewers. In many areas sewage also includes some liquid waste from instry and commerce. In the UK, the waste from toilets is termed foul waste, the waste from items such as basins, baths, kitchens is termed sullage water, and the instrial and commercial waste is termed trade waste.
The division of household water drains into greywater and blackwater is becoming more common in the developed world, with greywater being permitted to be used for watering plants or recycled for flushing toilets. A lot of sewage also includes some surface water from roofs or hard-standing areas. Municipal wastewater therefore includes residential, commercial, and instrial liquid waste discharges, and may include stormwater runoff. Sewage systems capable of handling stormwater are known as combined systems. Such systems are usually avoided since they complicate and thereby rece the efficiency of sewage treatment plants owing to their seasonality. In addition, heavy storms may overwhelm the sewage treatment system, causing a spill or overflow. It is preferable to have a separate storm drain system for stormwater.
The construction of combined sewers is a less common practice in the United States and Canada than in the past and is no longer accepted within building regulations in the UK and other European countries. Instead, liquid waste and stormwater are collected and conveyed in separate sewer systems, referred to as sanitary sewers and storm sewers in the U.S. and as foul sewers and surface water sewers in the UK. Overflows from foul sewers designed to relieve pressure from heavy rainfall are termed storm sewers or combined sewer overflows.
As rainfall runs over the surface of roofs and the ground, it may pick up various contaminants including soil particles, (sediment), heavy metals, organic compounds, animal waste, and oil and grease. Some jurisdictions require stormwater to receive some level of treatment before being discharged directly into waterways. Examples of treatment processes used for stormwater include sedimentation basins, wetlands, and vortex separators (to remove coarse solids).
The site where the process is concted is called a sewage treatment plant. The flow scheme of a sewage treatment plant is generally the same for all countries:
Mechanical treatment;
Influx (Influent)
Removal of large objects
Removal of sand and grit
Pre-precipitation
Biological treatment;
Oxidation bed (oxidizing bed) or aeration system
Post precipitation
Effluent
Chemical treatment (this step is usually combined with settling and other processes to remove solids, such as filtration. The combination is referred to in the US as physical-chemical treatment.).
⑥ 高分求城市污水處理的相關英文文獻，帶中文翻譯
推薦給你一個網址，查找一下，或許專會有屬http://www.geabc.com/bz.htm
⑦ 誰有環境相關的論文啊（大氣污染、環境影響評價、雜訊、固廢、水污染等等） 中英文對照的
中英文的沒有，只有英文，自己翻譯去吧
⑧ 求水處理中英文對照外文論文翻譯
Introction to Civil Engineering Papers
Civil Engineering for the development of a key role, first as a material foundation for the civil engineering construction materials, followed by the subsequent development of the design theory and construction technology. Every time a new quality of building materials, civil engineering will be a leap-style development.
People can only rely on the early earth, wood and other natural materials in the construction activities, and later appeared in brick and tile that artificial materials, so that the first human to break the shackles of natural building materials. China in the eleventh century BC in the early Western Zhou Dynasty created the tile. The first brick in the fifth century BC to the third century BC, when the tomb of the Warring States Period. Brick and tile better than the mechanical properties of soil, materials, and easy to manufacture.
The brick and tile so that people began to appear widely, to a large number of housing construction and urban flood control project, and so on. This civil engineering technology has been rapid development. Up to 18 to the 19th century, as long as two thousand years, brick and tile has been a major civil engineering construction materials, human civilization has made a great contribution to the even was also widely used in the present.
The application of a large number of steel procts is the second leap in civil engineering. Seventeen 1970s the use of pig iron, the early nineteenth century, the use of wrought iron bridges and the construction of housing, which is a prelude to the emergence of steel.
From the beginning of the mid-nineteenth century, metallurgical instry, smelting and rolling out high tensile and compressive strength, ctility, uniformity of the quality of construction steel and then proce high-strength steel wire, steel cables. As a result of the need to adapt to the development of the steel structure have been flourishing. In addition to the application of the original beam, arch structure, the new truss, a framework, the structure of network, cable structures to promote the graal emergence of the structure of Yan in the form of flowers.
From the brick building long-span structures, stone structures, a few meters of wood, steel structure to the development of tens of meters, a few hundred meters, until modern km above. So in the river, cross the bridge from shelves, on the ground since the construction of skyscrapers and high-rise tower, even in the laying of underground railway, to create an unprecedented miracle.
In order to meet the needs of the development of steel works, on the basis of Newton's mechanics, material mechanics, structural mechanics, structural engineering design theory came into being, and so on. Construction machinery, construction technology and construction organization design theory also development, civil engineering from the experience of rising to become science, engineering practice and theoretical basis for both is a different place, which led to more rapid development of civil engineering.
During the nineteenth century, 20, made of Portland cement, concrete has come out. Concrete can aggregate materials, easy-to-concrete structures forming, but the tensile strength of concrete is very small, limited use. By the middle of the nineteenth century, the surge in steel proction, with the emergence of this new type of reinforced concrete composite construction materials, which bear the tension steel, concrete bear the pressure and play their own advantages. Since the beginning of the 20th century, reinforced concrete is widely used in various fields of civil engineering.
From the beginning of the 1930s, there have been pre-stressed concrete. Pre-stressed concrete structure of the crack resistance, rigidity and carrying capacity, much higher than the reinforced concrete structure, which uses an even wider area. Civil Engineering into the reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete dominant historical period. Concrete buildings to bring about the emergence of new economic, aesthetic structure in the form of engineering, civil engineering so that a new construction technology and engineering design of the structure of the theory. This is another leap in the development of civil engineering.
A project to build the facilities in general to go through the investigation, design and construction in three stages, require the use of geological prospecting projects, hydro-geological survey, engineering survey, soil mechanics, mechanical engineering, engineering design, building materials, construction equipment, engineering machinery, building the economy , And other disciplines and construction technology, construction and other fields of knowledge, as well as computer and mechanical testing techniques. Civil engineering is therefore a broad range of integrated disciplines. With the progress in science and technology development and engineering practice, the civil engineering disciplines have also been developed into a broad connotation, the number of categories, the structure of complex integrated system.
Civil Engineering is accompanied by the development of human society developed. It works in the construction of facilities reflect the various historical periods of socio-economic, cultural, scientific, technological development outlook, which civil society has become one of the historical development of the witness.
In ancient times, people began to build simple houses, roads, bridges and still water channel to meet the simple life and proction. Later, in order to adapt to the war, proction and dissemination of religious life, as well as the needs of the construction of the city, canals, palaces, temples and other buildings.
Many well-known works shown in this historical period of human creativity. For example, the Great Wall of China, Dujiangyan, the Grand Canal, Zhaozhou Bridge, Yingxian Wooden Tower, the pyramids of Egypt, Greece's Parthenon, Rome's water supply project, colosseum amphitheater (Rome large animal fighting Field), as well as many other well-known churches, palaces and so on.
After the instrial revolution, especially in the 20th century, on the one hand, civil society to put forward a new demand; On the other hand, all areas of society for the advancement of civil engineering to create good conditions. Thus this period of civil engineering has been advanced by leaps and bounds. All over the world there have been large-scale modernization of instrial plants, skyscrapers, nuclear power plants, highways and railways, long-span bridges, and large-diameter pipelines long tunnel, the Grand Canal, the big dams, airports, port and marine engineering, etc. . For civil engineering continually modern human society to create a new physical environment, human society, modern civilization has become an important part.
Civil Engineering is a very practical subjects. In the early days, through the civil engineering practice, summing up successful experience, in particular, to draw lessons from the failure of developed. From the beginning of the 17th century, with Galileo and Newton as a pilot with the mechanics of the modern civil engineering practice, graally formed the mechanical, structural mechanics, fluid mechanics, rock mechanics, civil engineering as the basis of theoretical subjects. This experience in civil engineering from the graally developed into a science.
In the course of the development of civil engineering, engineering practice often first experience in theory, engineering accidents often show a new unforeseen factors, triggering a new theory of the research and development. So far a number of projects dealing with the problem, is still very much rely on practical experience.
Civil Engineering Technology with the main reason for the development of engineering practice and not by virtue of scientific experiments and theoretical studies, for two reasons: First, some of the objective situation is too complicated and difficult to faithfully carry out laboratory or field testing and analysis. For example, the foundation, tunnel and underground engineering and deformation of the state and its changes over time, still need to refer to an analysis of engineering experience to judge. Second, only a new engineering practice in order to reveal new problems. For example, the construction of a high-rise buildings, high-rise tower and mast-span bridges, wind and earthquake engineering problems highlighted in order to develop this new theory and technology.
In the long-term civil engineering practice, it is not only building great attention to the arts, has made outstanding achievements; and other works, but also through the choice of different materials, such as the use of stone, steel and reinforced concrete, with natural Environmental art in the construction of a number of very beautiful, very functional and good works. Ancient Great Wall of China, the modern world, many of the television tower and the bridge ramp Zhang, are cases in point.
⑨ 關於污水的論文範文！！快相當急
污水再生利用有關問題的探討[論文關鍵詞]污水 回用問題 分析
[論文摘要]用水量的增加對現有水資源的壓力越來越大，人們開始意識到污水回用是一種非常可靠的供水水源，成功的污水回用工程越來越多，供水和污水處理行業越來越意識到污水再生利用的經濟和環境效益。為滿足高水質標准而進行污水處理廠更新改造的成本不斷增加，污水回用越來越受到人們的重視。
一、污水回用的意義
污水回用在發達國家已得到廣泛應用，而且越來越多的行業已經開始利用處理後的污水。美國加利福尼亞洲有200多個污水回用廠，每年為850多個用戶提供回用水（非飲用水）約4.96億m3。污水回用受到越來越重視的原因主要包括：人口增加和用水量的增加對現有水資源的壓力越來越大；人們開始意識到污水回用是一種非常可靠的供水源；成功的污水回用工程越來越多；供水和污水處理行業越來越意識到污水回用的經濟和環境效益；蓄水工程（如水壩）的環境和經濟成本越來越高；人們逐漸意識到與過度用水有關的環境影響；趨向於回收成本水價制度的引入促進了污水的回用；為滿足高水質標准而進行污水處理廠更新改造的成本不斷增加。
二、污水可持續利用的領域
（一）工業用水的回用
從理論上說，經處理的污水可以回用於各種不需要符合飲用水水質要求的工業企業。各種工業生產過程中的冷卻水、鍋爐用水、生產和加工用水、清洗和輔助用水（如除塵和澆地）等，都可以利用經處理的污水。可以使用經過處理的污水的行業包括商業洗車、造紙廠、礦山、石油精煉廠、電站、商業洗衣、道路建設企業、旅遊點、釀酒廠，以及混凝土、磚、紡織品、金屬及塗料的生產廠。日本近40％經處理的市政污水被用於工業用途，而美國的佛羅里達州和加利福尼亞洲分別為2％和5％。
在增加工業的污水回用量方面也有一些障礙，主要原因包括：污水水源的距離；水質及潛在的健康影響，特別是對食品生產行業；可獲得的水量及供水的持續性；潛在的供水可靠性；需要改變工業生產程序和水處理方式；與其他可替代水源成本的比較；對水質的具體要求（例如，為避免冷卻水水垢、腐蝕、生物的生長及污染），等等。
（二）居民及社區的非飲用水回用
對居民來說，污水回用可以用於沖洗馬桶、洗車、清洗和澆灌花園.從社區的角度來看，污水回用的非飲用水用途還包括室外的灌溉及各種娛樂場所用水。美國加利福尼亞洲早在1961年就將經處理的污水用於有遊船及可垂釣的湖泊。提供非飲用水的一種有效辦法是建立分質供水系統。美國佛羅里達州阿爾塔蒙特城的一項分質供水工程，解決了4.5萬人的非飲用水使用問題，其供水量佔全城總供水量的30％。
限制污水回用於居民和社區非飲用水的因素包括：健康因素；缺乏相關的指導；更新和建設水處理和供水設施的成本；處理過的污水水源的距離；灌溉需水的季節性變化；灌溉方面的技術性問題和環境的可持續性。
（三）間接的飲用水循環
間接的飲用水循環是將一部分經過處理的污水注入已有的供水水源中，通過水體的稀釋作用，以及長時間的存放和取水後的處理，確保它滿足可飲用水的水質標准。缺乏對水質和水處理知識的了解、社會的理解和對健康的關注，可能是間接飲用水循環的最大障礙。
（四）直接的飲用水循環
直接的飲用水循環是對污水經過全面處理，達到飲用水水質標准後注入飲用水供水系統中直接循環使用的過程，中間不經過儲存或不混有地表水或地下水。目前，這種利用方式還較少見。
實施直接飲用水循環的限制因素主要包括：研究不夠；對健康的關注；處理水達到可靠的高水質的成本較高；缺乏對水質及處理方法的了解。
三、污水的可持續回用分析
制定可持續污水回用戰略必須堅持以下基本原則：一是回用水的水質必須滿足不同用水要求的原則；二是污水回用必須符合生態可持續發展要求的原則；三是在污水回用決策方面必須強調適當的健康、環境和經濟因素的原則；四是污水回用項目必須是社會所需要的原則；五是污水回用必須作為總的水管理一部分的原則；六是污水回用的決策程序必須透明的原則；七是鼓勵社會參與污水回用規劃、開發和實施的原則；八是社會應可以得到有關污水回用可靠信息的原則。
依據上述原則，應為實施可持續污水回用戰略制定相應的行動計劃，包括：修訂或頒布法律；制定回用指南和標准；提供技術支持與培訓；加強宣傳，提高對污水回用的了解；對關鍵領域與技術的研究提供支持；建設污水回用示範項目；積極支持污水回用項目；廣泛合作，實施污水回用戰略。
（一）從立法上支持污水回用
應該從立法上建立鼓勵和支持污水回用的制度。首先應對國家現有相關立法的適用性進行評價，確定哪些方面不利於污水的回用，並對這些方面進行修訂；沒有涉及到的，應通過頒布新的法律法規來完善。美國加利福尼亞洲在《安全飲用水法》、《水回用法》和《加利福尼亞洲管理法》中，對污水回用的准則、領域、水處理、水質要求等方面都作了詳細的規定。
（二）制定污水回用的科學標准
應在進行詳細的咨詢和研究後，制定污水回用指南。這些指南應能夠為污水用水戶提供有關回用項目規劃、設計和運行方面的指導.指南應涉及污水回用的各個領域，如利用污水灌溉牧場和作物，灌溉城市公園、花園、運動場和休息場所等，澆灌高爾夫球場，將污水回用於工業目的，分質供水，用於娛樂目的和間接飲用水循環，等等。對有關的標准要進行評價，特別是水質標准，並根據評價的結果修改現有的標准或制定新的標准。美國加利福尼亞洲污水回用准則就詳細地規定了經不同處理的污水在灌溉、蓄水、冷卻用水及其他用水方面的適用范圍。
（三）在技術上對污水回用提供支持
政府部門應鼓勵和促進教育機構、行業和其他培訓組織進行有關污水回用工程設計、運行、維護、管理、技術及污水利用方面的培訓，而且應為這樣的培訓提供支持，使服務商和用水戶掌握必要的知識和技能.通過有關污水回用的宣傳材料和網際網路等手段向用水戶提供有關安全用水的信息，包括立法、指南與標准、培訓課程、研討會及研究成果方面的信息。
（四）加強對污水回用意義的宣傳
政府應制定宣傳計劃，加強社會對污水回用、效益及其在水資源管理中作用的了解.應在進行其他水管理教育計劃（如節水宣傳）的同時，增加污水回用方面的內容.鼓勵社會介入污水利用活動，並且政府應對從事社區教育的人員和針對水管理教育者的培訓提供援助。
（五）注重對污水回用關鍵領域的研究
通過建立專門的研究和開發機構，對污水回用進行持續的研究，以保證關鍵問題如健康、環境、經濟和技術得到明確和解決。必須對以下幾方面進行優先研究：（1）健康，必須對污水回用和蓄水設施中生物和化學污染物的風險進行評估，研究減少風險的技術；（2）環境，污水回用的環境費用和效益；（3）經濟，污水回用和相關活動的經濟成本和效益；（4）技術，先進的水處理技術和處理廠運行技術。
⑩ 求一篇關於廢水處理的英文文章
Raw Influent (Sewage) is the liquid waste from toilets, baths, showers, kitchens, sinks etc. Household waste that is disposed of via sewers. In many areas sewage also includes some liquid waste from instry and commerce. In the UK, the waste from toilets is termed foul waste, the waste from items such as basins, baths, kitchens is termed sullage water, and the instrial and commercial waste is termed trade waste.
The division of household water drains into greywater and blackwater is becoming more common in the developed world, with greywater being permitted to be used for watering plants or recycled for flushing toilets. A lot of sewage also includes some surface water from roofs or hard-standing areas. Municipal wastewater therefore includes residential, commercial, and instrial liquid waste discharges, and may include stormwater runoff. Sewage systems capable of handling stormwater are known as combined systems. Such systems are usually avoided since they complicate and thereby rece the efficiency of sewage treatment plants owing to their seasonality. In addition, heavy storms may overwhelm the sewage treatment system, causing a spill or overflow. It is preferable to have a separate storm drain system for stormwater.
The construction of combined sewers is a less common practice in the United States and Canada than in the past and is no longer accepted within building regulations in the UK and other European countries. Instead, liquid waste and stormwater are collected and conveyed in separate sewer systems, referred to as sanitary sewers and storm sewers in the U.S. and as foul sewers and surface water sewers in the UK. Overflows from foul sewers designed to relieve pressure from heavy rainfall are termed storm sewers or combined sewer overflows.
As rainfall runs over the surface of roofs and the ground, it may pick up various contaminants including soil particles, (sediment), heavy metals, organic compounds, animal waste, and oil and grease. Some jurisdictions require stormwater to receive some level of treatment before being discharged directly into waterways. Examples of treatment processes used for stormwater include sedimentation basins, wetlands, and vortex separators (to remove coarse solids).
The site where the process is concted is called a sewage treatment plant. The flow scheme of a sewage treatment plant is generally the same for all countries:
Mechanical treatment;
Influx (Influent)
Removal of large objects
Removal of sand and grit
Pre-precipitation
Biological treatment;
Oxidation bed (oxidizing bed) or aeration system
Post precipitation
Effluent
Chemical treatment (this step is usually combined with settling and other processes to remove solids, such as filtration. The combination is referred to in the US as physical-chemical treatment.).