A. 我去補牙看到牙醫用的是這種材料:Spectrum shadeA3 這種材料好不好的用這種材料補一個牙大概要多少錢啊
就是一種光固化樹脂,價格不一定,有的地方要200多,有的地方收1000多,根據診所的檔內次來的,烤瓷牙價錢在容500-7000之間不等,至於鑲什麼牙好要看你的牙條件,缺牙部位,數目,補牙也是要看你蛀牙的位置,大小,看牙不是一次能好的,特別是牙痛,一般要根管治療就要3-5次,然後再做烤瓷又要2-4次,
B. 急!誰能幫我找一篇機械英文論文,並翻譯成中文
談數字印刷機及數字印刷油墨的種類
隨著印刷數字化步伐的加快,數字印刷cTP等新技術如火如荼.已經成為當今印刷不可逆轉的主流發展技術。數字印刷的印刷適性也與傳統印刷有明顯的不同.對印刷設備印刷材料,印刷技術提出了新的要求.為了達到良好的印刷質量和高速度生產.數字印刷材料,尤其是數字印刷油墨的研究和開發顯得更為重要。經過幾年的發展,數字印刷油墨技術已日甄成熟.但數字印刷油墨的高價位仍是制約數字印刷發展的瓶頸。
數字印刷成像原理
要談數字印刷油墨,必然要談到數字印刷機,因為不同廠家推出的數字印刷機成像原理不同,對所用數字印刷油墨的組成性能、性狀的要求也不同。目前使用的數字ElSiJ設備的成像原理可以分為六大類。
1.電子照相
又稱靜電成像,是利用激光掃描方法在光導體上形成靜電潛影再利用帶電色粉與靜電潛影的電荷作用,將色粉影像轉移到承印物上完成印刷。
2.噴射成像
油墨以一定的速度從微細噴嘴有選擇性地噴射到承印物上實現油墨影像再現。噴墨印刷分為連續噴墨印刷和按需噴墨印刷。連續噴墨系統是利用壓力使墨水通過細孔形成連續墨流.高速下墨流變成細小液滴之後使液滴帶電.帶電的墨滴可在電荷板控制下噴射到承印物表面需要的位置而形成列印圖文。墨滴偏移量和承印物上墨點位置由墨滴離開細孔時的帶電量決定。
按需噴墨與連續噴墨的不同在於作用於儲墨盒的壓力不是連續的.而是受成像數字信號的控制,需要時才有壓力作用而噴射。按需噴墨由於沒有墨滴偏移,可省去墨槽和循環系統,噴墨頭結構相對簡化。
3.電凝聚成像
電凝聚成像是通過電極之間的電化學反應導致油墨發生凝聚.並固著在成像滾筒表面形成圖像.沒有發生電化學反應的空白區域的油墨仍然保持液態可通過刮板刮除,而滾筒表面由固著油墨形成的圖文通過壓力即可轉移到承印物上,完成印刷。電凝聚數字印刷機的代表機型是EIcorsy公司的產品.分辨力為400dpi。
4.磁記錄成像
磁記錄成像是依靠磁性材料的磁子在外磁場作用下定向排列形成磁性潛影.再利用磁性色粉與磁性潛影在磁場力下相互作用完成顯影.以磁性色粉轉移到承印物上形成圖像。這種方法一般只用於黑白印刷。
5.靜電成像
靜電成像是應用最廣的數字印刷成像技術.它是利用激光掃描法在光導體上形成靜電潛影.利用帶電色粉與靜電潛影間的電荷作用形成潛影,轉移到承印物上即完成印刷。以顯影方式不同分為兩種一種是採用電子油墨顯影.分辨力達800dpi,以HPInd{go為代表。另一種是採用乾式色粉顯影,分辨力為600dpiXeikon,Xerox、Agfa、CanonKodak、ManRoIand和IBM等的數字印刷機都採用此方法。
6.熱成像
熱成像是以材料加熱後物理性能的改變在介質上成像的.分為直接熱成像和熱轉移成像。直接熱成像是使用經專門處理的帶有特殊塗層的承印材料,加熱後塗層發生顏色轉變。熱轉移成像的油墨塗布於色帶上.對色膜或色帶加熱即轉移到承印材料上,成像質量可達照片級。
數字印刷油墨
1.乾粉數字印刷油墨
乾粉數字印刷油墨由顏料粒子助於電荷形成的顆粒荷電劑與可熔性樹脂混合而形成的乾粉狀油墨。帶有負電荷的墨粉被曝光部分吸附形成圖像轉印到紙上的墨粉圖像經加熱後墨粉中樹脂熔化,固著於承印物上形成圖像。
2.液態數字印刷油墨
液態數字印刷油墨常用於噴墨印刷,油墨種類與噴墨頭結構有關。噴墨頭可分熱壓式及壓電式兩大類,而壓電式有高精度和低精度2種.EPS0N的噴頭屬於高精度噴頭Xaar及Spectra的噴頭屬於低精度噴頭.高精度噴頭多採用水性染料或顏料油墨.後者以採用溶劑型顏料油墨居多。
與傳統油墨不同的是.電子液體油墨在介質上的固化不依賴於墨膜乾燥時間.而是遇到高溫(130。C)橡皮布立即固化在橡皮布上.橡皮布上的油墨圖文再100%地轉印到紙或其他介質上。另一方面.電子液體油墨的基本材料是新型樹脂材料,它的微觀形狀為多邊形.在壓力作用下不像傳統油墨容易擴散,而是結合緊密與紙張或其他介質接觸後立即固化使印刷圖像更加清晰網點邊緣稍有虛化及擴散。
電子液體油墨分為水性油墨和油性(溶劑型)油墨。水性油墨由溶劑、著色劑、表面活性劑pH調節劑、催干劑及必要的添加組成對於熱壓式噴墨印刷系統來說,只能選用水性油墨。按需噴墨印刷油墨通常也是基於水性的油墨。油性(溶劑型)油墨由著色劑溶劑,分散3,J~n其他調節劑組成。
3.固態數字印刷油墨
固態數字印刷油墨主要應用於噴墨印刷其在常態下呈固態印刷時油墨加熱,黏度減小後而噴射到承印物表面上。固態數字印刷油墨由著色劑、荷粒電荷劑、黏度控制劑和載體等成分組成。
4.電子油墨
電子油墨是用於印刷塗布在特殊片基材料上作為顯示器的一種特殊油墨,由微膠囊包裹而成其直徑在納米級。微膠囊內有許多帶正電的白色粒子和帶負電的黑色粒子,且分布在微膠囊內透明液體中。當微膠囊充正電時.帶正電的微粒子聚集在朝向觀察者一面.而顯示為白色,充負電時.帶負電的黑色粒子聚集在觀察者一面.而顯示黑色。粒子的位置及顯示的顏色由電場控制,控制電場由高分辨力的顯示陣列底板產生。
5.UV/EB油墨
所謂UV/EB油墨就是利用紫外光固化或電子束能量固化的油墨,uv/EB油墨類輻射固化油墨在噴墨印刷中的應用日益廣泛。UV油墨在數字印刷中的最大特點是穩定性好,只在uV光照下固化的優勢可以有效避免列印頭堵塞.延長列印頭的實際使用壽命。但不足之處是.採用uv/EB油墨列印將導致印刷速度降低.比如說油墨供應環節的限制以及大量油墨通過列印頭的速度等。目前,Xennla的新型XenJetVivide系列CMYK顏料型uV固化油墨已經通過了Xaar公司的認證.並將這種新油墨用在Omnidot760列印頭上。
現在,世界范圍內數字印刷油墨的研究正方興未艾,各數字印刷機生產廠家如Canon、HewIettPackard、EPSONScitexXeikon、HPIndigo等都根據自己數字印刷機的特性而研究開發出適應其系統特性的數字印刷油墨。另外,全球其他著名的油墨製造商.如DIC、太陽化學、富林特、SakataInxCorp等公司也都開始涉足數字印刷油墨的開發與生產。相信隨著數字印刷機的普遍使用,對數字印刷油墨的研究開發將更加深入.新的數字印刷5a墨會不斷出現。
Discussed digital printer and the numeral printing ink type along with printing digitization step quickening, the numeral prints cTP and so on the new technology to be like a raging fire. Already becomes prints the irreversible mainstream development technology now. The digital printing printability also has the obvious difference with traditional printing. To the printing equipment printing material, the printing technology set the new request. In order to achieve the good print quality and the high velocity proction. The digital printing material, in particular the numeral printing ink research and the development appears importantly. After several years development, the numeral printing ink technology Zhen will be later day mature. But the numeral printing ink high price still was restricts the digital printing development the bottleneck
The digital printing image formation principle needs to discuss the numeral printing ink, must talk about the digital printer inevitably, because the different factory promotes the digital printer image formation principle is different, to uses the numeral printing ink the composition performance, the character request to be also different. At present uses the digital ElSiJ equipment image formation principle may divide into six big kinds �? 201. electrons according to �? 20 called the static electricity image formation, is uses the laser scan method to form the static electricity on the photoconctor to dive the shade to use the charged color powder and the static electricity again dives the shade electric charge function, shifts the color powder phantom to accepts for printing in the thing to complete printing �? 202. sprays Cheng �? 20 printing ink have by certain speed from the tiny spray nozzle selectively spray to accept for printing in the thing to realize the printing ink phantom reappearance. Spurts ink printing to divide into continuously spurts ink printing and according to must spurt ink printing. Spurts the ink system is continuously causes the ink using the pressure to form the continual ink class through the pore. After the high speed under ink changes the tiny bubble causes the bubble charged. The charged ink drop may spray under the electric charge board control to accepts for printing the position which the surface needs to form the printing chart article. The ink drop displacement quantity and accepts for printing an inking position leaves when the pore by the ink drop the charged quantity decisionAccording to must spurt the ink with to spurt the ink differently to lie in affects Yu the Chu ink the pressure is not continuously continual. When is the image formation digital signal control, the need only then has the pressure to affect sprays. According to must spurt the ink because does not have the ink drop displacement, may omit the ink trough and the circulatory system, spurts the ink structure relative simplification �? 203. electricity condensation image formation electricity condensation image formation is through the electrode between electrochemistry responded causes the printing ink to have the condensation. And adheres firmly in the image formation drum surface forms the image. Has not had the blank region printing ink which the electrochemistry responded still to maintain the liquid state to be possible through the scraper to blow except, but the drum surface from adheres firmly the chart article which the printing ink forms then to shift through the pressure to accepts for printing in the thing, completes printing. Electricity condensation numeral printer representative the type is the EIcorsy Corporation's proct. The resolving power is 400dpi�? 204. magnetic recording image formation magnetic recording image formation is depends upon the magnetic material the magneton the directional arrangement to form magnetism under the outside magnetic field function to dive the shade. Again dives the shade using magnetism sex-linked colors powder and magnetism to affect mutually under the magnetic field strength completes the development. Shifts by magnetism sex-linked colors powder to accepts for printing in the thing to form the image. This method only uses in black and white printing generally5. static electricity Cheng �? 20 static electricity image formations apply the broadest digital printing image formation technology. It is uses the laser scanning method to form the static electricity on the photoconctor to dive the shade. Uses the charged color powder and the static electricity dives the shade electric charge function to form dives the shade, shifts to accepts for printing in the thing namely to complete printing. Develops the way differently to divide into two kinds of one kind uses the electronic printing ink development. Resolving power �? 00dpi, take HPInd {go as representative. Another kind is uses the dry color powder development, the resolving power �? 00dpiXeikon, Xerox, Agfa, CanonKodak, ManRoIand and IBM and so on the digital printer all uses this method �? 206. thermal imagery thermal imageries are after the material heating the physical performance change on the medium the image formation. Divides into the direct thermal imagery and the hot shift image formation. The direct thermal imagery is the use after processes specially has the special coating to accept for printing the material, after the heating the coating has the color transformation. The hot shift image formation printing ink spreads the cloth on the inked ribbon. Namely shifts to the color membrane or the inked ribbon heating to accepts for printing on the material, the image formation quality may reach the picture levelNumeral printing ink 1. dried noodles numeral off-set oil �? Does the powdery printing ink which 20 dried noodles numeral printing ink helps by the pigment granule which forms in the electric charge the pellet electrically charged medicinal preparation and the fusibility resin mix forms. Has the negative charge toner to expose the part adsorption to form the image to transfer in the toner the resin to melt India's to paper on toner image after the heating, adheres firmly in accepts for printing in the thing to form the image �? 202. liquid state numeral off-set oil �? 20 liquid state numeral printing ink commonly used Yu Penmo prints, the printing ink type with spurts an ink structure to concern. Spurts the ink separable thermo-compression type and the piezoelectricity type two big kinds, but the piezoelectricity type has the high accuracy and the low accuracy 2 kind of .EPS0N nozzle belongs to high accuracy nozzle Xaar and the Spectra nozzle belongs to the low accuracy nozzle. The high accuracy nozzle uses the river character dye or the pigment printing ink. The latter uses the solvent pigment printing ink majority 不好意思 ,沒有完整的給你 你按照我給的網址自己找你需要的
C. 學校建築O和L開頭的英文
同學你問題太不好理解了吧= =
英語建築專業詞彙
LANDING & LIFT(ELEVATOR) 樓梯、休息平台及電梯
Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石
原始資料 original data
起居室 living room
浴室 bathroom
電梯機房 lift motor room
化驗室 laboratory room
二氈三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic
挑檐 overhanging eave
找平層 leveling course
找平層 leveling course
有機玻璃 organic glass
平台 landing (platform)
觀光電梯 observation elevator
電梯機房 lift mortar room
電梯坑 lift pit
電梯井道 lift shaft
輕質混凝土 lightweight concrete
板條抹灰 lath and plaster
原木 log
板條 lath
櫟木 oak
層夾板 laminated plank
工字鋼 I-beam
鉛 lead
Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蝕材料
聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene
尼龍 nylon
聚氯乙烯 PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate
聚苯乙烯 polystyrene
丙烯酸樹酯 acrylic resin
乙烯基酯 vinyl ester
橡膠內襯 rubber lining
氯丁橡膠 neoprene
瀝青漆 bitumen paint
環氧樹脂漆 epoxy resin paint
氧化鋅底漆 zinc oxide primer
防銹漆 anti-rust paint
耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint
耐鹼漆 alkali-resistant paint
水玻璃 sodium silicate
樹脂砂漿 resin-bonded mortar
環氧樹脂 epoxy resin
Building Hardware 建築五金
釘子 nails
螺紋屋面釘spiral-threaded roofing nail
環紋石膏板釘 annular-ring gypsum board nail
螺絲 screws
平頭螺絲 flat-head screw
螺栓 bolt
普通螺栓 commercial bolt
高強螺栓 high strength bolt
預埋螺栓 insert bolt
脹錨螺栓 cinch bolt
墊片 washer
Paint 油漆
鉛油 lead oil
膩子 putty
k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建築術語
Discipline 專業
建築 architecture
土木 civil
給排水 water supply and drainage
總圖 plot plan
採暖通風 H.V.A.C (heating、ventilation and air conditioning)
電力供應 electric power supply
電氣照明 electric lighting
電訊 telecommunication
儀表 instrument
熱力供應 heat power supply
動力 mechanical power
工藝 process technology
管道 piping
Conventional Terms 一般通用名詞
建築原理 architectonics
建築形式 architectural style
民用建築 civil architecture
城市建築 urban architecture
農村建築 rural architecture
農業建築 farm building
工業建築 instrial building
重工業的 heavy instrial
輕工業的 light instrial
古代建築 ancient architecture
現代建築 modern architecture
標准化建築 standardized buildings
附屬建築 auxiliary buildings
城市規劃 city planning
廠區內 within site
廠區外 offsite
封閉式 closed type
開敞式 open type
半開敞式 semi-open type
模數制 molar system
單位造價 unit cost
概算 preliminary estimate
承包商 constructor, contractor
現場 site
擴建 extension
改建 reconstruction
防火 fire-prevention
防震 aseismatic, quake-proof
防腐 anti-corrosion
防潮 mp-proof
防水 water-proof
防塵 st-proof
防銹 rust-proof
車流量 traffic volume
貨流量 freight traffic volume
人流量 pedestrian volume
透視圖 perspective drawing
建築模型 building model
Architectural Physics 建築物理
照明 illumination
照度 degree of illumination
亮度 brightness
日照 sunshine
天然採光 natural lighting
光強 light intensity
側光 side light
頂光 top light
眩光 glaze
方位角 azimuth
輻射 radiation
對流 convection
傳導 conction
遮陽 sun-shade
保溫 thermal insulation
恆溫 constant temperature
恆濕 constant humidity
噪音 noise
隔音 sound-proof
吸音 sound absorption
露點 dew point
隔汽 vapor-proof
Name Of Professional role 職務名稱
項目經理 project manager (PM)
設計經理 design manager
首席建築師 principal architect
總工程師 chief engineer
土木工程師 civil engineer
工藝工程師 process engineer
電氣工程師 electrical engineer
機械工程師 mechanical engineer
計劃工程師 planning engineer
助理工程師 assistant engineer
實習生 probationer
專家 specialist, expert
制圖員 draftsman
技術員 technician
Drafting 制圖
總說明 general specification
工程說明 project specification
採用標准規范目錄 list of standards and specification adopted
圖紙目錄 list of drawings
平面圖 plan
局部放大圖 detail with enlarged scale
...平面示意圖 schematic plan of...
...平剖面圖 sectional plan of...
留孔平面圖 plan of provision of holes
剖面 section
縱剖面 longitudinal section
橫剖面 cross (transverse) section
立面 elevation
正立面 front elevation
透視圖 perspective drawing
側立面 side elevation
背立面 back elevation
詳圖 detail drawings
典型節點 typical detail
節點號 detail No.
首頁 front page
圖紙目錄及說明 list of contents and description
圖例 legend
示意圖 diagram
草圖 sketch
荷載簡圖 load diagram
流程示意圖 flow diagram
標准圖 standard drawing
...布置圖 layout of ...
地形圖 topographical map
土方工程圖 earth-work drawing
展開圖 developed drawing
模板圖 formwork drawing
配筋 arrangement of reinforcement
表格 tables
工程進度表 working schele
技術經濟指標 technical and economical index
建、構築物一覽表 list of buildings and structures
編號 coding
序列號 serial No.
行和欄 rows and columns
備注 remarks
等級 grade
直線 straight Line
曲線 curves
曲折線 zigzag line
虛線 dotted line
實線 solid line
影線 hatching line
點劃線 dot and dash line
軸線 axis
等高線 contour Line
中心線 center Line
雙曲線 hyperbola
拋物線 parabola
切線 tangent Line
尺寸線 dimension Line
園形 round
環形 annular
方形 square
矩形 rectangle
平行四邊形 parallelogram
三角形 triangle
五角形 pentagon
六角形 hexagon
八角形 octagon
梯形 trapezoid
圓圈 circle
弓形 sagment
扇形 sector
球形的 spherical
拋物面 paraboloid
圓錐形 cone
橢圓形 ellipse, oblong
面積 area
體積 volume
容量 capacity
重量 weight
質量 mass
力 force
米 meter
厘米 centimeter
毫米 millimeter
公頃 hectate
牛頓/平方米 Newton/square meter
千克/立方米 kilogram/cubic meter
英尺 foot
英寸 inch
磅 pound
噸 ton
加侖 gallon
千磅 kip
平均尺寸 average dimension
變尺寸 variable dimension
外形尺寸 overall dimension
展開尺寸 developed dimension
內徑 inside diameter
外徑 outside diameter
凈重 net weight
毛重 gross weight
數量 quantity
百分比 percentage
凈空 clearance
凈高 headroom
凈距 clear distance
凈跨 clear span
截面尺寸 sectional dimension
開間 bay
進深 depth
單跨 single span
雙跨 double span
多跨 multi-span
標高 elevation, level
絕對標高 absolute elevation
設計標高 designed elevation
室外地面標高 ground elevation
室內地面標高 floor elevation
柱網 column grid
坐標 coordinate
廠區佔地 site area
使用面積 usable area
輔助面積 service area
通道面積 passage area
管架 pipe rack
管廊 pipeline gallery
架空管線 overhead pipeline
排水溝 drain ditch
集水坑 sump pit
噴泉 fountain
地漏 floor drain
消火栓 fire hydrant
滅火器 fire extinguisher
二氧化碳滅火器 carbon dioxide extinguisher
鹵代烷滅火器 halon extinguisher
D. 高分!介紹下噴墨數字印刷的概念、種類、發展狀況、發展歷史、價格、比較最好有實地調查
談數字印刷機及數字印刷油墨的種類
隨著印刷數字化步伐的加快,數字印刷cTP等新技術如火如荼.已經成為當今印刷不可逆轉的主流發展技術。數字印刷的印刷適性也與傳統印刷有明顯的不同.對印刷設備印刷材料,印刷技術提出了新的要求.為了達到良好的印刷質量和高速度生產.數字印刷材料,尤其是數字印刷油墨的研究和開發顯得更為重要。經過幾年的發展,數字印刷油墨技術已日甄成熟.但數字印刷油墨的高價位仍是制約數字印刷發展的瓶頸。
數字印刷成像原理
要談數字印刷油墨,必然要談到數字印刷機,因為不同廠家推出的數字印刷機成像原理不同,對所用數字印刷油墨的組成性能、性狀的要求也不同。目前使用的數字ElSiJ設備的成像原理可以分為六大類。
1.電子照相
又稱靜電成像,是利用激光掃描方法在光導體上形成靜電潛影再利用帶電色粉與靜電潛影的電荷作用,將色粉影像轉移到承印物上完成印刷。
2.噴射成像
油墨以一定的速度從微細噴嘴有選擇性地噴射到承印物上實現油墨影像再現。噴墨印刷分為連續噴墨印刷和按需噴墨印刷。連續噴墨系統是利用壓力使墨水通過細孔形成連續墨流.高速下墨流變成細小液滴之後使液滴帶電.帶電的墨滴可在電荷板控制下噴射到承印物表面需要的位置而形成列印圖文。墨滴偏移量和承印物上墨點位置由墨滴離開細孔時的帶電量決定。
按需噴墨與連續噴墨的不同在於作用於儲墨盒的壓力不是連續的.而是受成像數字信號的控制,需要時才有壓力作用而噴射。按需噴墨由於沒有墨滴偏移,可省去墨槽和循環系統,噴墨頭結構相對簡化。
3.電凝聚成像
電凝聚成像是通過電極之間的電化學反應導致油墨發生凝聚.並固著在成像滾筒表面形成圖像.沒有發生電化學反應的空白區域的油墨仍然保持液態可通過刮板刮除,而滾筒表面由固著油墨形成的圖文通過壓力即可轉移到承印物上,完成印刷。電凝聚數字印刷機的代表機型是EIcorsy公司的產品.分辨力為400dpi。
4.磁記錄成像
磁記錄成像是依靠磁性材料的磁子在外磁場作用下定向排列形成磁性潛影.再利用磁性色粉與磁性潛影在磁場力下相互作用完成顯影.以磁性色粉轉移到承印物上形成圖像。這種方法一般只用於黑白印刷。
5.靜電成像
靜電成像是應用最廣的數字印刷成像技術.它是利用激光掃描法在光導體上形成靜電潛影.利用帶電色粉與靜電潛影間的電荷作用形成潛影,轉移到承印物上即完成印刷。以顯影方式不同分為兩種一種是採用電子油墨顯影.分辨力達800dpi,以HPInd{go為代表。另一種是採用乾式色粉顯影,分辨力為600dpiXeikon,Xerox、Agfa、CanonKodak、ManRoIand和IBM等的數字印刷機都採用此方法。
6.熱成像
熱成像是以材料加熱後物理性能的改變在介質上成像的.分為直接熱成像和熱轉移成像。直接熱成像是使用經專門處理的帶有特殊塗層的承印材料,加熱後塗層發生顏色轉變。熱轉移成像的油墨塗布於色帶上.對色膜或色帶加熱即轉移到承印材料上,成像質量可達照片級。
數字印刷油墨
1.乾粉數字印刷油墨
乾粉數字印刷油墨由顏料粒子助於電荷形成的顆粒荷電劑與可熔性樹脂混合而形成的乾粉狀油墨。帶有負電荷的墨粉被曝光部分吸附形成圖像轉印到紙上的墨粉圖像經加熱後墨粉中樹脂熔化,固著於承印物上形成圖像。
2.液態數字印刷油墨
液態數字印刷油墨常用於噴墨印刷,油墨種類與噴墨頭結構有關。噴墨頭可分熱壓式及壓電式兩大類,而壓電式有高精度和低精度2種.EPS0N的噴頭屬於高精度噴頭Xaar及Spectra的噴頭屬於低精度噴頭.高精度噴頭多採用水性染料或顏料油墨.後者以採用溶劑型顏料油墨居多。
與傳統油墨不同的是.電子液體油墨在介質上的固化不依賴於墨膜乾燥時間.而是遇到高溫(130。C)橡皮布立即固化在橡皮布上.橡皮布上的油墨圖文再100%地轉印到紙或其他介質上。另一方面.電子液體油墨的基本材料是新型樹脂材料,它的微觀形狀為多邊形.在壓力作用下不像傳統油墨容易擴散,而是結合緊密與紙張或其他介質接觸後立即固化使印刷圖像更加清晰網點邊緣稍有虛化及擴散。
電子液體油墨分為水性油墨和油性(溶劑型)油墨。水性油墨由溶劑、著色劑、表面活性劑pH調節劑、催干劑及必要的添加組成對於熱壓式噴墨印刷系統來說,只能選用水性油墨。按需噴墨印刷油墨通常也是基於水性的油墨。油性(溶劑型)油墨由著色劑溶劑,分散3,J~n其他調節劑組成。
3.固態數字印刷油墨
固態數字印刷油墨主要應用於噴墨印刷其在常態下呈固態印刷時油墨加熱,黏度減小後而噴射到承印物表面上。固態數字印刷油墨由著色劑、荷粒電荷劑、黏度控制劑和載體等成分組成。
4.電子油墨
電子油墨是用於印刷塗布在特殊片基材料上作為顯示器的一種特殊油墨,由微膠囊包裹而成其直徑在納米級。微膠囊內有許多帶正電的白色粒子和帶負電的黑色粒子,且分布在微膠囊內透明液體中。當微膠囊充正電時.帶正電的微粒子聚集在朝向觀察者一面.而顯示為白色,充負電時.帶負電的黑色粒子聚集在觀察者一面.而顯示黑色。粒子的位置及顯示的顏色由電場控制,控制電場由高分辨力的顯示陣列底板產生。
5.UV/EB油墨
所謂UV/EB油墨就是利用紫外光固化或電子束能量固化的油墨,uv/EB油墨類輻射固化油墨在噴墨印刷中的應用日益廣泛。UV油墨在數字印刷中的最大特點是穩定性好,只在uV光照下固化的優勢可以有效避免列印頭堵塞.延長列印頭的實際使用壽命。但不足之處是.採用uv/EB油墨列印將導致印刷速度降低.比如說油墨供應環節的限制以及大量油墨通過列印頭的速度等。目前,Xennla的新型XenJetVivide系列CMYK顏料型uV固化油墨已經通過了Xaar公司的認證.並將這種新油墨用在Omnidot760列印頭上。
現在,世界范圍內數字印刷油墨的研究正方興未艾,各數字印刷機生產廠家如Canon、HewIettPackard、EPSONScitexXeikon、HPIndigo等都根據自己數字印刷機的特性而研究開發出適應其系統特性的數字印刷油墨。另外,全球其他著名的油墨製造商.如DIC、太陽化學、富林特、SakataInxCorp等公司也都開始涉足數字印刷油墨的開發與生產。相信隨著數字印刷機的普遍使用,對數字印刷油墨的研究開發將更加深入.新的數字印刷5a墨會不斷出現。
Discussed digital printer and the numeral printing ink type along with printing digitization step quickening, the numeral prints cTP and so on the new technology to be like a raging fire. Already becomes prints the irreversible mainstream development technology now. The digital printing printability also has the obvious difference with traditional printing. To the printing equipment printing material, the printing technology set the new request. In order to achieve the good print quality and the high velocity proction. The digital printing material, in particular the numeral printing ink research and the development appears importantly. After several years development, the numeral printing ink technology Zhen will be later day mature. But the numeral printing ink high price still was restricts the digital printing development the bottleneck
The digital printing image formation principle needs to discuss the numeral printing ink, must talk about the digital printer inevitably, because the different factory promotes the digital printer image formation principle is different, to uses the numeral printing ink the composition performance, the character request to be also different. At present uses the digital ElSiJ equipment image formation principle may divide into six big kinds �? 201. electrons according to �? 20 called the static electricity image formation, is uses the laser scan method to form the static electricity on the photoconctor to dive the shade to use the charged color powder and the static electricity again dives the shade electric charge function, shifts the color powder phantom to accepts for printing in the thing to complete printing �? 202. sprays Cheng �? 20 printing ink have by certain speed from the tiny spray nozzle selectively spray to accept for printing in the thing to realize the printing ink phantom reappearance. Spurts ink printing to divide into continuously spurts ink printing and according to must spurt ink printing. Spurts the ink system is continuously causes the ink using the pressure to form the continual ink class through the pore. After the high speed under ink changes the tiny bubble causes the bubble charged. The charged ink drop may spray under the electric charge board control to accepts for printing the position which the surface needs to form the printing chart article. The ink drop displacement quantity and accepts for printing an inking position leaves when the pore by the ink drop the charged quantity decisionAccording to must spurt the ink with to spurt the ink differently to lie in affects Yu the Chu ink the pressure is not continuously continual. When is the image formation digital signal control, the need only then has the pressure to affect sprays. According to must spurt the ink because does not have the ink drop displacement, may omit the ink trough and the circulatory system, spurts the ink structure relative simplification �? 203. electricity condensation image formation electricity condensation image formation is through the electrode between electrochemistry responded causes the printing ink to have the condensation. And adheres firmly in the image formation drum surface forms the image. Has not had the blank region printing ink which the electrochemistry responded still to maintain the liquid state to be possible through the scraper to blow except, but the drum surface from adheres firmly the chart article which the printing ink forms then to shift through the pressure to accepts for printing in the thing, completes printing. Electricity condensation numeral printer representative the type is the EIcorsy Corporation's proct. The resolving power is 400dpi�? 204. magnetic recording image formation magnetic recording image formation is depends upon the magnetic material the magneton the directional arrangement to form magnetism under the outside magnetic field function to dive the shade. Again dives the shade using magnetism sex-linked colors powder and magnetism to affect mutually under the magnetic field strength completes the development. Shifts by magnetism sex-linked colors powder to accepts for printing in the thing to form the image. This method only uses in black and white printing generally5. static electricity Cheng �? 20 static electricity image formations apply the broadest digital printing image formation technology. It is uses the laser scanning method to form the static electricity on the photoconctor to dive the shade. Uses the charged color powder and the static electricity dives the shade electric charge function to form dives the shade, shifts to accepts for printing in the thing namely to complete printing. Develops the way differently to divide into two kinds of one kind uses the electronic printing ink development. Resolving power �? 00dpi, take HPInd {go as representative. Another kind is uses the dry color powder development, the resolving power �? 00dpiXeikon, Xerox, Agfa, CanonKodak, ManRoIand and IBM and so on the digital printer all uses this method �? 206. thermal imagery thermal imageries are after the material heating the physical performance change on the medium the image formation. Divides into the direct thermal imagery and the hot shift image formation. The direct thermal imagery is the use after processes specially has the special coating to accept for printing the material, after the heating the coating has the color transformation. The hot shift image formation printing ink spreads the cloth on the inked ribbon. Namely shifts to the color membrane or the inked ribbon heating to accepts for printing on the material, the image formation quality may reach the picture levelNumeral printing ink 1. dried noodles numeral off-set oil �? Does the powdery printing ink which 20 dried noodles numeral printing ink helps by the pigment granule which forms in the electric charge the pellet electrically charged medicinal preparation and the fusibility resin mix forms. Has the negative charge toner to expose the part adsorption to form the image to transfer in the toner the resin to melt India's to paper on toner image after the heating, adheres firmly in accepts for printing in the thing to form the image �? 202. liquid state numeral off-set oil �? 20 liquid state numeral printing ink commonly used Yu Penmo prints, the printing ink type with spurts an ink structure to concern. Spurts the ink separable thermo-compression type and the piezoelectricity type two big kinds, but the piezoelectricity type has the high accuracy and the low accuracy 2 kind of .EPS0N nozzle belongs to high accuracy nozzle Xaar and the Spectra nozzle belongs to the low accuracy nozzle. The high accuracy nozzle uses the river character dye or the pigment printing ink. The latter uses the solvent pigment printing ink majority .
呵呵,希望有幫助!
E. 高手幫忙解釋一下Sewing M/C是什麼意思
顏色方面 增白: WHITE / SNOW WHITE 特黑: BLACK / JET BLACK 奶白: IVORY/ECRU/OFF WHITE/CREAM 大紅: RED 紫紅: BORDEAUX/WINE 紫色: BURGUNDY/PLUM/VIOLET/PURPLE 綠色: GREEN 灰色: GREY 玉色: OYSTER/PEACH 黃色: YELLOW 卡其: KAHKI 雪青: LILAC 古銅色: BROWN 梅紅: FUSCHIA 墨綠: CHARCOAL 豆綠: OLIVE 藏青: NAVY/BLUE 天藍: SKY BLUE 粉紅: PINK 米色: BEIGE 橘黃: ORANGE 駝色: CAMEL 產品包裝方面 卷桿: RILLING/WINDING 散裝: LOOSE PACKING 編織袋: WEAVING BAG 紙箱: CARTON 木箱: WODEN CASE 中性包裝: NEUTRAL PACKING 單幅卷桿: ROLLED ON TUBES IN OPEN WIDTH 雙幅卷桿: DOUBLE FOLDED ON ROLLS 雙幅折板: DOUBLE FOLDED ON BOARD 腰封: PAPER TAPES 紙管: TUBE 吊牌: LABLE / HANG TAG 嘜頭: SHIPPING MARK 船樣: SHIPPING SAMPLE 塑料袋: POLY BAG 匹長: ROLL LENGTH 拼匹: ROLL WITH SEWING / ROLL WITH JOIN 拼箱: LCL 整箱: FCL 出口包裝: EXPORT PACKING 產品檢驗及標准方面 質量標准: QUALITY STANDARD(OEKO-TEX STANDARD 100、ISO9002、SGS、ITS、AATCC、M&S) 客檢: CUSTOMER INSPECTION 台板檢驗:TABLE INSPECTION 經向檢驗: LAMP INSPECTION 色牢度: COLOR FASTNESS 皂洗色牢度: WASHING COLOR FASTNESS 摩擦色牢度: RUBBING / CRICKING COLOR FASTNESS 光照色牢度: LIGHT COLOR FASTNESS 汗漬色牢度: PERSPIRATION COLOR FASTNESS 水漬色牢度: WATER COLOR FASTNESS 氯漂白色牢度: CHLORINE BLEACH COLOR FASTNESS 尺寸穩定性: DIMENSIONAL STABILITY 外觀持久性: APPEARANCE RETENTION 拉伸強度: TENSILE STRENGTH 撕破強度: TEAR STRENGTH 接縫滑裂: SEAM SLIPPAGE 抗起毛起球性: PILLING RESISTANCE 耐磨性: ABRASION RESISTANCE 拒水性: WATER REPELLENCY 抗水性: WATER RESISTANCE 織物密度: THREAD PER INCH/STICH DENSITY 紗支: YARN COUNT 克重: WEIGHT 產品疵點方面 疵點: DEFECT/FAULT 經柳: STREAKY WARP 斷經: BROKEN END 急經: RIGHT END 粗緯: COARSE PICKS 粗經: COARSE END 斷緯: BROKEN PICKS 緯斜: SKEWING/SLOPE 橫檔: FILLING BAR 污跡: STAIN/DIRT 異型絲: GOAT/FOREING YARN 破洞: HOLE 色花: SHADE VARIATION/COLOR DIFFERENCE/COLOR DIVIATION 色柳: COLOR STRIPE 滲色: COLOR BLEEDING 褪色: COLOR FADING/DISCOLOR 擦傷: SCRATCH/BARASION/WINCH MARK 松板印: MOIRE EFFECTS 摺痕: CREASE MARK 整理方面 染色前整理: PREMINARY FINISHE (PFP, PFD) 退漿: DESIZING 染色: DYEING 固色: COLOR FIXING 後整理: AFTER FINISH / AFTER TREATMENT 熱定型: HEAT SETTING 樹脂整理: RESIN FINISH 切割:CUT軋花: EMBOSSED/LOGOTYPE 塗層: COATING ( PVC、PU、PA) 塗白: WHITE PIGMENT 塗銀: SILVER 燙金: GOLD PRINT 磨毛: BRUSHED 起皺: CRINKED/ CREPED 軋泡: BUBBLED 絲光: MERCERIZED 硬挺: STIFFENING 抗靜電: ANTI-STATIC 抗起球: ANTI-PILLING 防羽絨: DOWN PROOF 防霉: ANTI-FUNGUS 免燙: WASH AND WEAR 砂洗: STONE WASHED 阻燃: FLAM RETARDANT 環保染色: AZO FREE / NO AZO 防水: W/P ( WATER SHRINKAGE ) 拒水: W/R (WATER REPELLENT ) 縮水: W/S ( WATER SHRINKAGE ) 印花: PRINTING 塗料印花: COAT PRINTING 拔染印花: DISCHARGE PRINTING 平網印花: PLATE SCREAM PRINTING 圓網印花: ROTARY SCREAM PRINTING 轉移印花: TRANSFER PRINTING 爛花: BURN OUT 模版印花: BLOCK PRINTING 紙版印花: PAPER STENCIL 設備方面 麥克貝思電腦配色系統: MACBETH 「 CLOR – EYE 」 COMPUTER COLOR – MATCHING SYSTEM 電腦配液系統: 「 RAPID – DOSER 」 LABORTEX – LABORATORY DOSING SYSTEM VERIVIDE對色燈箱: VERIVIDE COLOR ASSESMENT CABINET 打樣: LAB DIPS 大貨生產: BULK PRODUCTION 精練機: DESIZING MACHINE 折幅機: CREASING MACHINE 卷染: JIG DYEING 溢流染色: JET OVERFLOW DYEING/BLEED DYEING 軋染: PAD DYEING 定型機: SET-STRECHING/STENTER FRAME 染料方面 鹼性染料: BASIC DYES 酸性染料: ACID DYES 活性染料: REACTIVE DYES 分散染料: DISPERSE DYES 陽離子染料: CATION DYES 還原染料: VAT DYES 直接染料: DIRECT DYES 硫化染料: SULPHUR DYES 非偶氮染料: AZO FREE DYES 產品方面 里料: LINING 面料:FABRIC 平紋: TAFFETA 斜紋: TWILL 緞面: SATIN / CHARMEUSE 綃: LUSTRINE 提花: JACQUARD 爛花: BURNT-OUT 春亞紡:PONGEE 格子: CHECK 條子: STRIPE 雙層: DOUBLE – LAYER 雙色: TWO – TONE 花瑤: FAILLE 高士寶: KOSHIBO 雪紡: CHIFFON 喬其: GEORGETTE 塔絲隆: TASLON 彈力布: SPANDEX/ELASTIC/STREC/LYCRA 牛仔布: JEANET 牛津布: OXFORD 帆布: CAMBRIC 滌棉:P/C 滌捻: T/R 白條紡: WHITE STRIPE 黑條紡: BLACK STRIPE 空齒紡: EMPTY STRIPE 水洗絨/桃皮絨: PEACH SKIN 卡丹絨: PEACH TWILL 縐絨: PEACH MOSS 玻璃紗: ORGANDY 原料方面 滌綸:PLOYESTER 錦綸:NYLON/POLYAMIDE 醋酸:ACETATE 棉; COTTON 人棉:RAYON 人絲:VISCOSE 模擬絲:IMITATED SILK FABRIC 真絲:SILK 氨綸:SPANDEX/ELASTIC/STREC/LYCRA 長絲: FILAMENT 短纖: SPUN 黑絲:BLACK YARN 陽離子: CATION 三角異形絲: TRIANGLE PROFILE 空氣變形絲:AIR-JET TEXTURING YARN 超細纖維: MICRO – FIBRIC 全拉伸絲: FDY (FULL DRAWN YARN) 預取向絲: POY(PREORIENTED YARN) 拉伸變形絲: DTY(DRAW TEXTURED YARN) 牽伸加捻絲: DT 看看上面這些對你有沒有幫助我同學是從事服裝這個行業的,我給她看了,不過也是不清楚是啥意思
F. 求片關於機械方面的英文論文,要有五千字以上,有中文翻譯。
談數字印刷機及數字印刷油墨的種類
隨著印刷數字化步伐的加快,數字印刷cTP等新技術如火如荼.已經成為當今印刷不可逆轉的主流發展技術。數字印刷的印刷適性也與傳統印刷有明顯的不同.對印刷設備印刷材料,印刷技術提出了新的要求.為了達到良好的印刷質量和高速度生產.數字印刷材料,尤其是數字印刷油墨的研究和開發顯得更為重要。經過幾年的發展,數字印刷油墨技術已日甄成熟.但數字印刷油墨的高價位仍是制約數字印刷發展的瓶頸。
數字印刷成像原理
要談數字印刷油墨,必然要談到數字印刷機,因為不同廠家推出的數字印刷機成像原理不同,對所用數字印刷油墨的組成性能、性狀的要求也不同。目前使用的數字ElSiJ設備的成像原理可以分為六大類。
1.電子照相
又稱靜電成像,是利用激光掃描方法在光導體上形成靜電潛影再利用帶電色粉與靜電潛影的電荷作用,將色粉影像轉移到承印物上完成印刷。
2.噴射成像
油墨以一定的速度從微細噴嘴有選擇性地噴射到承印物上實現油墨影像再現。噴墨印刷分為連續噴墨印刷和按需噴墨印刷。連續噴墨系統是利用壓力使墨水通過細孔形成連續墨流.高速下墨流變成細小液滴之後使液滴帶電.帶電的墨滴可在電荷板控制下噴射到承印物表面需要的位置而形成列印圖文。墨滴偏移量和承印物上墨點位置由墨滴離開細孔時的帶電量決定。
按需噴墨與連續噴墨的不同在於作用於儲墨盒的壓力不是連續的.而是受成像數字信號的控制,需要時才有壓力作用而噴射。按需噴墨由於沒有墨滴偏移,可省去墨槽和循環系統,噴墨頭結構相對簡化。
3.電凝聚成像
電凝聚成像是通過電極之間的電化學反應導致油墨發生凝聚.並固著在成像滾筒表面形成圖像.沒有發生電化學反應的空白區域的油墨仍然保持液態可通過刮板刮除,而滾筒表面由固著油墨形成的圖文通過壓力即可轉移到承印物上,完成印刷。電凝聚數字印刷機的代表機型是EIcorsy公司的產品.分辨力為400dpi。
4.磁記錄成像
磁記錄成像是依靠磁性材料的磁子在外磁場作用下定向排列形成磁性潛影.再利用磁性色粉與磁性潛影在磁場力下相互作用完成顯影.以磁性色粉轉移到承印物上形成圖像。這種方法一般只用於黑白印刷。
5.靜電成像
靜電成像是應用最廣的數字印刷成像技術.它是利用激光掃描法在光導體上形成靜電潛影.利用帶電色粉與靜電潛影間的電荷作用形成潛影,轉移到承印物上即完成印刷。以顯影方式不同分為兩種一種是採用電子油墨顯影.分辨力達800dpi,以HPInd{go為代表。另一種是採用乾式色粉顯影,分辨力為600dpiXeikon,Xerox、Agfa、CanonKodak、ManRoIand和IBM等的數字印刷機都採用此方法。
6.熱成像
熱成像是以材料加熱後物理性能的改變在介質上成像的.分為直接熱成像和熱轉移成像。直接熱成像是使用經專門處理的帶有特殊塗層的承印材料,加熱後塗層發生顏色轉變。熱轉移成像的油墨塗布於色帶上.對色膜或色帶加熱即轉移到承印材料上,成像質量可達照片級。
數字印刷油墨
1.乾粉數字印刷油墨
乾粉數字印刷油墨由顏料粒子助於電荷形成的顆粒荷電劑與可熔性樹脂混合而形成的乾粉狀油墨。帶有負電荷的墨粉被曝光部分吸附形成圖像轉印到紙上的墨粉圖像經加熱後墨粉中樹脂熔化,固著於承印物上形成圖像。
2.液態數字印刷油墨
液態數字印刷油墨常用於噴墨印刷,油墨種類與噴墨頭結構有關。噴墨頭可分熱壓式及壓電式兩大類,而壓電式有高精度和低精度2種.EPS0N的噴頭屬於高精度噴頭Xaar及Spectra的噴頭屬於低精度噴頭.高精度噴頭多採用水性染料或顏料油墨.後者以採用溶劑型顏料油墨居多。
與傳統油墨不同的是.電子液體油墨在介質上的固化不依賴於墨膜乾燥時間.而是遇到高溫(130。C)橡皮布立即固化在橡皮布上.橡皮布上的油墨圖文再100%地轉印到紙或其他介質上。另一方面.電子液體油墨的基本材料是新型樹脂材料,它的微觀形狀為多邊形.在壓力作用下不像傳統油墨容易擴散,而是結合緊密與紙張或其他介質接觸後立即固化使印刷圖像更加清晰網點邊緣稍有虛化及擴散。
電子液體油墨分為水性油墨和油性(溶劑型)油墨。水性油墨由溶劑、著色劑、表面活性劑pH調節劑、催干劑及必要的添加組成對於熱壓式噴墨印刷系統來說,只能選用水性油墨。按需噴墨印刷油墨通常也是基於水性的油墨。油性(溶劑型)油墨由著色劑溶劑,分散3,J~n其他調節劑組成。
3.固態數字印刷油墨
固態數字印刷油墨主要應用於噴墨印刷其在常態下呈固態印刷時油墨加熱,黏度減小後而噴射到承印物表面上。固態數字印刷油墨由著色劑、荷粒電荷劑、黏度控制劑和載體等成分組成。
4.電子油墨
電子油墨是用於印刷塗布在特殊片基材料上作為顯示器的一種特殊油墨,由微膠囊包裹而成其直徑在納米級。微膠囊內有許多帶正電的白色粒子和帶負電的黑色粒子,且分布在微膠囊內透明液體中。當微膠囊充正電時.帶正電的微粒子聚集在朝向觀察者一面.而顯示為白色,充負電時.帶負電的黑色粒子聚集在觀察者一面.而顯示黑色。粒子的位置及顯示的顏色由電場控制,控制電場由高分辨力的顯示陣列底板產生。
5.UV/EB油墨
所謂UV/EB油墨就是利用紫外光固化或電子束能量固化的油墨,uv/EB油墨類輻射固化油墨在噴墨印刷中的應用日益廣泛。UV油墨在數字印刷中的最大特點是穩定性好,只在uV光照下固化的優勢可以有效避免列印頭堵塞.延長列印頭的實際使用壽命。但不足之處是.採用uv/EB油墨列印將導致印刷速度降低.比如說油墨供應環節的限制以及大量油墨通過列印頭的速度等。目前,Xennla的新型XenJetVivide系列CMYK顏料型uV固化油墨已經通過了Xaar公司的認證.並將這種新油墨用在Omnidot760列印頭上。
現在,世界范圍內數字印刷油墨的研究正方興未艾,各數字印刷機生產廠家如Canon、HewIettPackard、EPSONScitexXeikon、HPIndigo等都根據自己數字印刷機的特性而研究開發出適應其系統特性的數字印刷油墨。另外,全球其他著名的油墨製造商.如DIC、太陽化學、富林特、SakataInxCorp等公司也都開始涉足數字印刷油墨的開發與生產。相信隨著數字印刷機的普遍使用,對數字印刷油墨的研究開發將更加深入.新的數字印刷5a墨會不斷出現。
Discussed digital printer and the numeral printing ink type along with printing digitization step quickening, the numeral prints cTP and so on the new technology to be like a raging fire. Already becomes prints the irreversible mainstream development technology now. The digital printing printability also has the obvious difference with traditional printing. To the printing equipment printing material, the printing technology set the new request. In order to achieve the good print quality and the high velocity proction. The digital printing material, in particular the numeral printing ink research and the development appears importantly. After several years development, the numeral printing ink technology Zhen will be later day mature. But the numeral printing ink high price still was restricts the digital printing development the bottleneck
The digital printing image formation principle needs to discuss the numeral printing ink, must talk about the digital printer inevitably, because the different factory promotes the digital printer image formation principle is different, to uses the numeral printing ink the composition performance, the character request to be also different. At present uses the digital ElSiJ equipment image formation principle may divide into six big kinds �? 201. electrons according to �? 20 called the static electricity image formation, is uses the laser scan method to form the static electricity on the photoconctor to dive the shade to use the charged color powder and the static electricity again dives the shade electric charge function, shifts the color powder phantom to accepts for printing in the thing to complete printing �? 202. sprays Cheng �? 20 printing ink have by certain speed from the tiny spray nozzle selectively spray to accept for printing in the thing to realize the printing ink phantom reappearance. Spurts ink printing to divide into continuously spurts ink printing and according to must spurt ink printing. Spurts the ink system is continuously causes the ink using the pressure to form the continual ink class through the pore. After the high speed under ink changes the tiny bubble causes the bubble charged. The charged ink drop may spray under the electric charge board control to accepts for printing the position which the surface needs to form the printing chart article. The ink drop displacement quantity and accepts for printing an inking position leaves when the pore by the ink drop the charged quantity decisionAccording to must spurt the ink with to spurt the ink differently to lie in affects Yu the Chu ink the pressure is not continuously continual. When is the image formation digital signal control, the need only then has the pressure to affect sprays. According to must spurt the ink because does not have the ink drop displacement, may omit the ink trough and the circulatory system, spurts the ink structure relative simplification �? 203. electricity condensation image formation electricity condensation image formation is through the electrode between electrochemistry responded causes the printing ink to have the condensation. And adheres firmly in the image formation drum surface forms the image. Has not had the blank region printing ink which the electrochemistry responded still to maintain the liquid state to be possible through the scraper to blow except, but the drum surface from adheres firmly the chart article which the printing ink forms then to shift through the pressure to accepts for printing in the thing, completes printing. Electricity condensation numeral printer representative the type is the EIcorsy Corporation's proct. The resolving power is 400dpi�? 204. magnetic recording image formation magnetic recording image formation is depends upon the magnetic material the magneton the directional arrangement to form magnetism under the outside magnetic field function to dive the shade. Again dives the shade using magnetism sex-linked colors powder and magnetism to affect mutually under the magnetic field strength completes the development. Shifts by magnetism sex-linked colors powder to accepts for printing in the thing to form the image. This method only uses in black and white printing generally5. static electricity Cheng �? 20 static electricity image formations apply the broadest digital printing image formation technology. It is uses the laser scanning method to form the static electricity on the photoconctor to dive the shade. Uses the charged color powder and the static electricity dives the shade electric charge function to form dives the shade, shifts to accepts for printing in the thing namely to complete printing. Develops the way differently to divide into two kinds of one kind uses the electronic printing ink development. Resolving power �? 00dpi, take HPInd {go as representative. Another kind is uses the dry color powder development, the resolving power �? 00dpiXeikon, Xerox, Agfa, CanonKodak, ManRoIand and IBM and so on the digital printer all uses this method �? 206. thermal imagery thermal imageries are after the material heating the physical performance change on the medium the image formation. Divides into the direct thermal imagery and the hot shift image formation. The direct thermal imagery is the use after processes specially has the special coating to accept for printing the material, after the heating the coating has the color transformation. The hot shift image formation printing ink spreads the cloth on the inked ribbon. Namely shifts to the color membrane or the inked ribbon heating to accepts for printing on the material, the image formation quality may reach the picture levelNumeral printing ink 1. dried noodles numeral off-set oil �? Does the powdery printing ink which 20 dried noodles numeral printing ink helps by the pigment granule which forms in the electric charge the pellet electrically charged medicinal preparation and the fusibility resin mix forms. Has the negative charge toner to expose the part adsorption to form the image to transfer in the toner the resin to melt India's to paper on toner image after the heating, adheres firmly in accepts for printing in the thing to form the image �? 202. liquid state numeral off-set oil �? 20 liquid state numeral printing ink commonly used Yu Penmo prints, the printing ink type with spurts an ink structure to concern. Spurts the ink separable thermo-compression type and the piezoelectricity type two big kinds, but the piezoelectricity type has the high accuracy and the low accuracy 2 kind of .EPS0N nozzle belongs to high accuracy nozzle Xaar and the Spectra nozzle belongs to the low accuracy nozzle. The high accuracy nozzle uses the river character dye or the pigment printing ink. The latter uses the solvent pigment printing ink majority 不好意思 ,沒有完整的給你 你按照我給的網址自己找你需要的
參考資料:佳工機電網 外語時空網
G. 高分:一種俗稱北方「悠悠」(也有叫「天天」的)的植物的學名
應該是"天天兒"
學名是"龍葵"
葵
Herba Solani Nigri
(英)Black Nightshade Herb
別名 野茄、天茄子、酸漿草、天淪草。
來源 為茄科植物龍葵Solanumnigrum L.的地上部分。
植物形態 一年生草本,高30~60cm。莖直立,上部多分枝,稀被白色柔毛。葉互生,卵形,長2.5~10cm,寬1.5~5.5cm全緣或具波狀齒,先端尖銳,基部楔形或漸狹至柄,葉柄長達2cm。花序短蠍尾狀或近傘狀,側生或腋外生,有花4~10朵,花序梗長1~2.5cm;花細小,柄長約1cm,下垂;花萼杯頭,綠色,5淺裂;花冠白色,輻射狀,5裂,裂片卵狀三角形,約3cm;雄蕊5,花葯頂端孔裂;子房上位,卵形,花柱中部以下有白色絨毛。漿果球形,直徑約8mm,熟時黑色。種子多數,近卵形,壓扁狀。花果期9~10月。
生於路旁或田野,分布於全國。
採制 夏、秋季采割,除去雜質,乾燥。
化學成分 含龍葵鹼(solanigrine)、澳茄胺(oslasodine)、龍葵定鹼(solanigridine)、皂甙、維生素C、樹脂。
性味 性寒,味苦、微甘;有小毒。
功能主治 清熱解毒,利尿。用於瘡癰腫毒、皮膚濕疹、小便不利、老年慢性氣管炎、白帶過頭、前列腺炎、痢疾。
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H. vita有什麼產品呢
20年代
1924年於埃森創立公司。在此進行首批牙科產品的生產、銷售。
30年代
個性化修復的首批VITA牙科陶瓷的研發、生產和銷售。
鑒於LUMIN效應(日光的干擾和人造光源)的分析結果,VITA所作出的關於牙色領域的研究。
40年代
公司總部從埃森遷至Bad Säckingen,重新開始生產。
50年代
真空燒結LUMIN VACUUM人工牙、適用於瓷套冠技術的VITA LUMIN陶瓷的的研發、生產和銷售。
VITA色彩的定位(LUMIN VACUUM—比色板)
60年代
VITA金屬陶瓷(VMK)以及全瓷系統VITADUR的研發、生產和銷售。
70年代
VITA VMK取得長期持續的發展,並且在世界范圍內取得成功。
80年代
VITAPAN系統的引進和認可。
VITA In-ceram ALL-Ceramics的研發,旨在製作無金屬基底修復體。
90年代
VITAPAN系統的系統發展,新型產品VITA OMEGA METAL CERAMIC金屬陶瓷, VITADUR ALPHA 全瓷以及VITA ZETA 樹脂貼面材料的研發。
新型比色板VITA SYSTEM 3D-MASTER的引進。
2003
首創VITA VM概念—適用於陶瓷和復合體材料的貼面理念。VITA VM包贏得了國際知名設計。
在IDS中展示電子比色儀VITA Easyshade。
2004
電子比色儀VITA Easyshade的引入。
2005
適用於inLab的預燒結滲透全瓷純氧化鋁瓷塊VITAIn-ceram AL引入,可以滿足全瓷冠和橋體的製作。
2006
推出VITA CAD-Waxx for inLab:該樹脂瓷塊燃燒後無殘留可用於鑄造。並能替代蠟型使用。
2007
推出新的VITA LINGOFORM 後牙,可用於所有的標准排牙(包括了舌側集中合)
推出VITA Physiodens T6S, 前牙型號,特別適用於前牙寬度窄的患者。
推出"all-in-one"鑄壓全瓷VITA PM,用於氧化鋯內冠,著色技術和化學結合
新的VITA VM 15 用於多種合金,加入到了VM系列
推出VITA VM CC,無殘留自凝樹脂,用於間接製作臨時修復體。
VITA CAD-Temp 用於製作多單位全口,部分長橋臨時修復體和單冠修復體
推出VITABLOCS TriLuxe forte,它獨特加強的頸部效果是與VITABLOCS TriLuxe的主要區別
2008
推出VITA Linearguide,基於線性結構,能准確快速的確定真確的牙色,僅需2個步驟。
新一代的電子比色系統Easyshade:無線VITA Easyshade Compact比色儀幾秒內實現准確比色
新的VITA VACUMAT "New Generation"烤瓷爐支持個性化配置方案,特別高效和經濟。
推出VITA VMK Master,全新金屬烤瓷系列的瓷粉,具有傳統的CTE范圍。這種材料具有優異的安全性能和美學效果。
I. light+shade是什麼意思
light shade 英 [lait ʃeid] 美 [laɪt ʃed]
[釋義] 不飽色,淺色;
全部釋義>>
[例句]The results showed that polymerization in the deep of visible light cured composites was significantly affected by shade of resins.
結果表明,復合樹脂深回層材料的聚合明顯受答樹脂顏色的影響。深色樹脂與淺色樹脂相比,其3mm厚樣品底面的轉化度和顯微硬度都明顯降低。